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Table 2 Study and participants characteristics

From: Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in non-cardiac surgery patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Year

Country

Type of study

Temperature measurement

Hypothermia/

Total

Quality assessment

Risk factors

Alfonsi(21)

2019

France

Cohort study

scalp

478/893

8

2,10,25,27

Cho CK(22)

2021

South Korea

Cohort study

tympanic

268/660

6

7,11,13,14,17,24

Cho SA(23)

2022

South Korea

Cohort study

esophagus

145/516

7

4,6,13,24,26

Kleimeyer(24)

2018

America

Cohort study

esophagus

321/3,822

7

1,2,4,13,14,15,21

Li CX(25)

2021

China

Cohort study

tympanic

113/1,788

8

9,12

Li LL(26)

2022

China

Cohort study

tympanic

173/404

8

2,4,5,21,25

Mendonça(27)

2019

Brazil

Cohort study

tympanic

54/78

6

11,12

Wongyingsinn(28)

2023

Thailand

Cohort study

tympanic

88/742

8

9,13

Xu RR(29)

2023

China

Case-control study

tympanic

52/202

7

2,3,4,13,14,17,22

Zhang H(30)

2022

China

Cohort study

tympanic

1,505/7,059

8

2,4,8,13,14,15,16

       

18,23,24,26

Zhang M(31)

2021

China

Case-control study

tympanic

15/110

6

2,9,17,23

Xu Y(32)

2016

China

Cohort study

tympanic

243/1,105

6

1,2,4,14,17,19,22

       

23,24

Li XX(33)

2022

China

Case-control study

NR

50/648

6

2,4,10,14,17,19,24

Wang F(34)

2022

China

Case-control study

rectum

83/1,193

6

2,12

Chen G(35)

2022

China

Case-control study

nasopharynx

93/222

7

2,4,10,12,13,20

Wang YH(36)

2024

China

Cohort study

tympanic

678/1316

7

1,5,7,14

Niu T(37)

2024

China

Cohort study

tympanic

117/246

7

4,17,24,28,29,30,31

  1. NR = not report, 1 = gender, 2 = age, 3 = weight, 4 = body mass index, 5 = PLT, 6 = heart rate, 7 = alcohol abuse, 8 = fasting time, 9 = ASA, 10 = anaesthesia time, 11 = anaesthesia drugs, 12 = type of anesthesia, 13 = baseline temperature, 14 = type of surgery, 15 = operation site, 16 = surgical position, 17 = surgery time, 18 = season of the year, 19 = OR ambient temperature, 20 = preparation time, 21 = intraoperative temperature, 22 = blood loss, 23 = blood transfusion, 24 = intravenous fluid, 25 = intraoperative thermal insulation measures, 26 = intraoperative drugs, 27 = decrease in temperature of > 0.5 ̊C between anesthesia induction and surgical incision, 28 = fluid infusion rate, 29 = type of nerve block, 30 = da Vinci robot-assisted surgery, 31 = artificial pneumoperitoneum time.