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Table 4 Summary of adverse reactions in the two groups (20 min after examination)

From: Comparative efficacy and safety of nalbuphine and hydromorphone in painless colonoscopy techniques: a randomized controlled trial

 

Hydromorphone group

(n = 36)

Nalbuphine group

(n = 36)

P

Dizziness

18

5

0.002

No dizziness

18

31

Nausea

16

1

 < 0.001

No nausea

20

35

Abdominal pain

26

32

0.135

No abdominal pain

10

4

  1. T1, before induction; T2, 2 min after induction; T3, at admission; T4, after reaching the splenic flexure; T5, after reaching the hepatic flexure; T6, upon arrival at the ileocecal area; T7, during endoscopic withdrawal