Table 3 The systemic and cerebral hemodynamics before and after ephedrine use (n = 77 episodes of hypotension)

SBP (mmHg)

89.9(8.2)

112.2(11.8)

22.3(19.7–24.8)

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

45.9(6.7)

55.6(8.1)

9.8(8.4–11.2)

< 0.001

MAP (mmHg)

59.0(6.4)

74.4(8.5)

13.9(12.2–15.7)

< 0.001

HR (bpm)

65.3(10.3)

71.5(12.0)

6.2(5.0–7.4)

< 0.001

SV (ml)

75.5(17.2)

75.8(18.3)

0.3(-2.0–2.6)

0.802

SVI (ml/m²)

43.1(9.3)

43.3(9.7)

0.1(-1.2–1.4)

0.853

CO (L/min)

4.9(1.1)

5.3(1.2)

0.4(0.3–0.6)

< 0.001

CI (L/min*m²)

2.8(0.7)

3.0(0.7)

0.2(0.2–0.3)

< 0.001

rScO₂ (%)

61.2(10.5)

62.2(10.0)

1.0(0.5–1.4)

< 0.001

MCAvm (cm/s)

43.6(11.8)

48.9(12.9)

5.3(4.2–6.3)

< 0.001

PI

1.1[0.8, 1.2]

1.0[0.8, 1.2]

-0.1(-0.2–0.2)

0.064

RI

0.6[0.5, 0.6]

0.6[0.5, 0.6]

-0.0(-0.0–0.0)

0.089

CO_X

0.2[-0.2, 0.7]

0.3[-0.3, 0.6]

0.1(-0.2–0.3)

0.874

M_Xa

0.4[0.0, 0.7]

0.4[0.2, 0.7]

0.1(-0.0–0.2)

0.094