Table 1 Comparisons of the clinical characteristics stratified by mortality

Age (mean (SD))

64.86 (14.00)

63.97 (14.31)

67.31 (12.80)

< 0.001

BNP pg/ml (mean (SD))

5973.17 (13668.52)

5788.88 (13520.08)

6553.00 (14150.27)

0.525

Troponin I ng/ml (mean (SD))

4.19 (21.03)

3.00 (16.52)

7.16 (29.19)

< 0.001

Troponin T ng/ml (mean (SD))

0.50 (2.25)

0.59 (2.67)

0.31 (0.68)

0.447

WBC counts (mean (SD))

19.83 (12.69)

19.00 (10.74)

22.07 (16.69)

< 0.001

CHF, n (%)

398 (18.3)

290 (18.3)

108 (18.4)

0.993

Diabetes, n (%)

736 (33.9)

540 (34.1)

196 (33.4)

0.825

Hypertension, n (%)

1123 (51.7)

834 (52.6)

289 (49.3)

0.188

COPD, n(%)

425 (19.6)

301 (19.0)

124 (21.2)

0.285

Cirrhosis, n (%)

110 (5.1)

58 (3.7)

52 (8.9)

< 0.001

Tumor, n (%)

341 (15.7)

213 (13.4)

128 (21.8)

< 0.001

Chronic Respiratory Failure,

, n (%)

52 (2.4)

33 (2.1)

19 (3.2)

0.158

CHD, n (%)

420 (19.3)

278 (17.5)

142 (24.2)

0.001

Chronic Renal Failure, n (%)

229 (10.5)

155 (9.8)

74 (12.6)

0.066

Dialysis, n (%)

603 (27.8)

456 (28.8)

147 (25.1)

0.099

Ventilation proportion, n (%)

2064 (95.1)

1499 (94.6)

565 (96.4)

0.099

Weight (mean (SD))

85.11 (28.86)

85.84 (28.81)

83.11 (28.95)

0.051

Height (mean (SD))

169.43 (12.25)

169.55 (12.06)

169.11 (12.74)

0.457

Ethnicity, n (%)

0.809

African American

150 (6.9)

114 (7.2)

36 (6.1)

Asian

26 (1.2)

19 (1.2)

7 (1.2)

Caucasian

1718 (79.1)

1247 (78.7)

471 (80.4)

Hispanic

139 (6.4)

105 (6.6)

34 (5.8)

Native American

19 (0.9)

12 (0.8)

7 (1.2)

Other/Unknown

119 (5.5)

88 (5.6)

31 (5.3)

Acute Physiology score (mean (SD))

74.24 (29.47)

69.43 (26.18)

87.25 (33.68)

< 0.001

APACHE IV score (mean (SD))

87.38 (30.64)

81.87 (27.31)

102.27 (34.04)

< 0.001

Dexmedetomidine, n (%)

438 (20.2)

363 (22.9)

75 (12.8)

< 0.001

Propofol, n (%)

1598 (73.6)

1203 (75.9)

395 (67.4)

< 0.001

Midazolam, n (%)

658 (30.3)

420 (26.5)

238 (40.6)

< 0.001

Lymphocyte (mean (SD))

9.33 (10.41)

9.49 (10.04)

8.87 (11.46)

0.292

Sex = Male, n (%)

1213 (55.9)

876 (55.3)

337 (57.5)

0.376

Norepinephrine, n (%)

1300 (59.88)

813 (51.29)

487 (83.1)

< 0.001

Dopamine, n (%)

129 (6.0)

67 (4.2)

62 (10.7)

< 0.001

Dobutamine, n (%)

113 (5.2)

63 (4.0)

50 (8.6)

< 0.001

Dex + Pro, n (%)

233 (10.7)

197 (12.4)

36 (6.1)

< 0.001

Dex + Mid, n (%)

53 (2.4)

40 (2.5)

13 (2.2)

0.801

Pro + Mid, n (%)

238 (11.0)

165 (10.4)

73 (12.5)

0.201