The effect of preoperative deep breathing exercise with incentive spirometer initiated in the preoperative period on respiratory parameters and complications in patients underwent open heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Comparison of mean respiratory rate and SpO2 levels between groups at patient follow-up

Time/Characteristics	Deep Breathing Group (n = 32)	Control Group (n = 34)	Test^a	p
Time/Characteristics	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Test^a	p
First day of hospitalization
Respiratory rate	20.37 ± 1.49	20.20 ± 0.91	0.55	0.57
SpO₂	96.84 ± 1.24	96.97 ± 0.93	−0.46	0.64
Before surgery
Respiratory rate	20.06 ± 1.31	20.00 ± 1.75	0.16	0.87
SpO₂	97.59 ± 0.91	97.20 ± 0.68	1.96	0.05
The first day at CVSU
Respiratory rate	20.43 ± 2.36	21.82 ± 2.49	−2.31	0.02
SpO₂	93.15 ± 3.71	90.70 ± 5.08	2.22	0.03
Discharge day^b
Respiratory rate	18.96 ± 1.85	19.85 ± 1.07	−2.38	0.20
SpO₂	96.37 ± 1.87	95.02 ± 2.79	2.28	0.02

I Intervention group, C Control group, Postop Postoperative, CVSU Cardiovascular Surgery Unit
^aIndependent sample t-test
^bDischarge day measurements of all patients were taken as the last measurement

ISSN: 1471-2253