Table 1 Predisposing and precipitating factors associated with POCD

Predisposing

 Increased age

 Major surgery

 Surgical trauma

 Anesthesia

 Male sex

 Preexisting cognitive impairment

 Sensory damage (visual, auditory)

 Delirium

 Multiple medicines

 Benzodiazepine or narcotic use

 Alcohol abuse

 Neurological diseases

Precipitating

 Benzodiazepine

 Infection

 Hypoxia

 Shock

 Dehydration

 Hypothermia

 Fever

 Metabolic abnormalities

 Insufficient nutritional intake

 Pain

 Anemia

 Surgery

 Electrolyte abnormalities

 Pulmonary disease

 Coronary bypass surgery