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Fig. 1 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 1

From: The effect of general versus spinal anesthesia on perioperative innate immune function in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

Fig. 1

A-D Cytokine production capacity of leukocytes upon ex vivo stimulation with Escherichia Coli lipopolysaccharides of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at baseline, after induction (before first incision), at the end of surgery, and on postoperative day 1 (POD 1) in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty under spinal (n = 9) versus general (n = 18) anesthesia. Data are expressed as median ± interquartile range (IQR)

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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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