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Table 2 Perioperative variables

From: Overtime work of anesthesiologists is associated with increased delirium in older patients admitted to intensive care unit after noncardiac surgery: a secondary analysis

Variable

All patients (n = 700)

Overtime work of anesthesiologists

P value

No (n = 419)

Yes (n = 281)

Benzodiazepines at preoperative night

79 (11.3)

41 (9.8)

38 (13.5)

0.126

Intraoperative data

 Type of anesthesia

   

0.067

 General

578 (82.6)

355 (84.7)

223 (79.4)

 

 Combined epidural-general

122 (17.4)

64 (15.3)

58 (20.6)

 

Intraoperative medication

 Nitrous oxide

523 (74.7)

311 (74.2)

212 (75.4)

0.716

 Sevoflurane

501 (71.6)

297 (70.9)

204 (72.6)

0.622

 Benzodiazepines

326 (46.6)

173 (41.3)

153 (54.4)

0.001

 Propofol

634 (90.6)

380 (90.7)

254 (90.4)

0.894

 Etomidate

273 (39.0)

171 (40.8)

102 (36.3)

0.230

 Glucocorticoids

646 (92.3)

389 (92.8)

257 (91.5)

0.502

Duration of anesthesia, h

4.8 (3.5, 6.4)

4.3 (3.1, 5.5)

6.1 (4.3, 8.4)

< 0.001

Duration of surgery, h

3.3 (2.1, 4.9)

2.8 (1.8, 4.1)

4.6 (3.0, 6.9)

< 0.001

Site of surgery

   

0.012

 Intra-abdominala

475 (67.9)

288 (68.7)

187 (66.5)

 

 Intra-thoracicb

120 (17.1)

60 (14.3)

56 (21.4)

 

 Spinal and extremital

36 (5.1)

20 (4.8)

16 (5.7)

 

 Superficial or transurethral

69 (9.9)

51 (12.2)

18 (6.4)

 

Operative Stress Scorec

   

 < 0.001

 Low

55 (7.9)

45 (10.7)

10 (3.6)

 

 Moderate

228 (32.6)

156 (37.2)

72 (25.6)

 

 High

350 (339)

199 (47.5)

151 (53.7)

 

 Very high

67 (9.6)

19 (4.5)

48 (17.1)

 

Estimated blood loss, mL

150 (50, 450)

100 (20, 300)

300 (100, 600)

< 0.001

Blood transfusiond

114 (16.3)

49 (11.7)

65 (23.1)

< 0.001

Fluid infusion, 100 mL

25.1 (16.0, 37.0)

21.0 (14.5, 31.0)

33.0 (22.0, 49.8)

< 0.001

Postoperative data

With endotracheal intubation on ICU admission

382 (54.6)

198 (47.3)

184 (65.5)

< 0.001

Prophylactic dexmedetomidine

350 (50.0)

227 (54.2)

123 (43.8)

0.007

Postoperative analgesia

   

0.001

 None

73 (10.4)

56 (13.4)

17 (6.0)

 

 PCIA

516(73.7)

309 (73.7)

207 (73.7)

 

 PCEA

111 (15.9)

54 (12.9)

57 (20.3)

 

Other sedatives/analgesics within 7 days

 Propofol

357 (51.0)

180 (43.0)

177 (63.0)

< 0.001

 Benzodiazepines

58 (8.3)

33 (7.9)

25 (8.9)

0.631

 Opioids

201 (28.7)

124 (29.6)

77 (27.4)

0.530

 NSAIDs

229 (32.7)

133(31.7)

96 (34.2)

0.503

  1. Data are presented as number (%), or median (IQR). P values in bold indicate < 0.05
  2. ICU Intensive care unit, PCIA Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, PCEA Patient-controlled epidural analgesia, NSAIDs Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs
  3. aIncluded gastrointestinal, liver, gallbladder, pancreatic, splenic, bladder, kidney, urethral, prostate, uterine and ovarian, and tubal surgeries
  4. bIncluded lung and esophageal surgeries
  5. cStratified into five categories of physiological stress, i.e., very low stress, low stress, moderate stress, high stress, and very high stress [23]
  6. dIncluded allogeneic blood transfusion and autologous blood salvage and transfusion
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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