Table 1 Patient’s characteristics at start of combined CRRT and ECMO support
Variable | All n = 105 | Integrated approach group n = 57 | Parallel approach group n = 48 | RR (CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Age, median (IQR) | 55 (47, 60) | 53 (47, 59) | 56 (45, 62) |  | 0.85 |
 Females, (%) | 28 (26) | 17 (29) | 11 (22) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 0.43 |
 CRRT citrate anticoagulation + systemic ECMO anticoagulation (%) | 100 (95) | 56 (98) | 44 (91) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 0.11 |
 Systemic ECMO anticoagulation (%) | 5 (4) | 1 (2) | 4 (8) | 0.2 (0.0-1.4) | 0.11 |
Pre-existing comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Cardiovascular diseases, (%) | 59 (56) | 34 (60) | 25 (52) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 0.43 |
 Pulmonal diseases, (%) | 16 (15) | 9 (16) | 7 (15) | 1.1 (0.5–2.6) | 0.86 |
 Kidney diseases, (%) | 10 (9) | 7 (12) | 3 (6) | 2.0 (0.6–6.9) | 0.28 |
 Disease of central venous system, (%) | 14 (13) | 7 (12) | 7 (14) | 0.8 (0.3–2.2) | 0.73 |
 Diabetes mellitus (type I-II), (%) | 25 (24) | 12 (21) | 13 (27) | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) | 0.47 |
 Malignancies, (%) | 6 (6) | 4 (7) | 2 (4) | 1.7 (0.4–7.7) | 0.53 |
 Diseases of gastrointestinal tract, (%) | 21 (20) | 12 (21) | 9 (19) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) | 0.77 |
Laboratory values at baseline | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Leukocytes (/nL), median (IQR) | 15.3 (10.3, 21.0) | 16.9 (9.6, 24.7) | 14.1 (10.8, 20.6) |  | 0.76 |
 Haemoglobin (g/dL), median (IQR) | 8.7 (7.9, 9.5) | 8.8 (8.0, 9.6) | 8.7 (7.8, 9.4) |  | 0.65 |
 Platelets (/nL), median (IQR) | 166 (117, 260) | 202 (122, 263) | 150 (113, 259) |  | 0.27 |
 INR, median (IQR) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.3) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) |  | 0.53 |
 aPTT (sec), median (IQR) | 43 (32, 54) | 42 (30, 54) | 43 (33, 54) |  | 0.68 |
 Fibrinogen (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 580 (416, 733) | 621 (435, 749) | 557 (389, 695) |  | 0.26 |
 Serum creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.9 (1.2, 2.9) | 1.8 (1.1, 3.2) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.2) |  | 0.40 |
 Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 58.3 (40.5, 80.4) | 54.7 (40.4, 80.3) | 61.5 (40.6, 83.1) |  | 0.67 |
 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR) | 38 (24, 60) | 42 (26, 60) | 37 (21, 60) |  | 0.64 |
 Bilirubin (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.8, 2.3) | 1.1 (0.7, 2.1) | 1.5 (0.8, 3.1) |  | 0.11 |
 Myoglobin (µg/L), median (IQR) | 851 (297, 2601) | 743 (296, 1959) | 963 (297, 3443) |  | 0.52 |
 LDH (U/L), median (IQR) | 578 (452, 1073) | 540 (453, 740) | 610 (452, 868) |  | 0.54 |
 C-reactive protein (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 22 (13, 29) | 20 (11, 28) | 24 (16, 30) |  | 0.08 |
 Procalcitonin (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 2.9 (1.0, 9.3) | 2.4 (0.8, 8.0) | 3.2 (1.1, 10.5) |  | 0.27 |
CRRT settings at baseline | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Blood flow (mL/min), median (IQR) | 100 (100, 100) | 100 (100, 100) | 100 (100, 100) |  | 0.47 |
 Access line pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 65 (-30, 120) | 110 (58, 150) | -25 (-38, 55) |  | < 0.01 |
 Return line pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 130 (48, 180) | 170 (119, 200) | 50 (23, 138) |  | < 0.01 |
 TMP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 20 (10, 20) | 20 (10, 20) | 20 (10, 20) |  | 0.17 |
 Ultrafiltration rate (mL/h), median (IQR) | 400 (300, 400) | 400 (300, 413) | 400 (300, 400) |  | 0.35 |
 Dialysate flow (mL/h), median (IQR) | 1000 (1000, 1500) | 1000 (1000, 1500) | 1000 (1000, 1500) |  | 0.78 |
ECMO settings at baseline | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ECMO blood flow (L/min), median (IQR) | 4.4 (3.6, 5.3) | 4.4 (3.6, 5.0) | 4.6 (3.7, 5.8) |  | 0.29 |
 Return pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 155 (124, 205) | 151 (120, 187) | 167 (132, 208) |  | 0.13 |
 Drainage pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | -80 (-108, -52) | -81 (-103, -54) | -80 (-124, -44) |  | 0.87 |