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Fig. 3 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 3

From: Right-to-left-shunts in patients scheduled for neurosurgical intervention in semi-sitting position – a literature review based on two case scenarios

Fig. 3

Patient A’s perioperative side-by-side images of the echocardiographic assessment of possible cardiac right-to-left shunts using bubble study showing air bubbles (circled, red) solely in the left atrium (LA) leaving the right atrium (RA) bubble free. upper two images: mid esophageal modified bicaval view at 86°. lower two images: mid esophageal two chamber view at 0°, focused to the right heart. LA: left atrium; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; red circle: air bubbles

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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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