Fig. 1

A-B. The sonoanatomy for the QLB3 and ESPB. (A) US-guided QLB3. The relevant technique is depicted in an ultrasound image. The white line indicates needle trajectory, and the blue highlighted area is the desired spread of local anesthetic. (B) US-guided ESPB. The relevant technique is depicted in an ultrasound image. The white line indicates needle trajectory, the blue highlighted area is the desired spread of local anesthetic, and the dashed line denotes the pleura. QLB3, anterior quadratus lumborum block; QL, quadratus lumborum muscle; PMM, psoas major muscle; VC, vertebral corpus. ESPB, erector spinae plane block; ESM, erector spinae muscles; TP, transverse process; LA, local anesthetic